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ADHD and Anxiety Medication Anxiety disorders can be associated with ADHD. Anxiety can cause irritation, restlessness and sleeplessness. Stimulant medication can help ease these symptoms however, they may also result in side effects like small growth reductions and tics in children and adolescents. In addition, some individuals have anxiety issues while taking stimulant medication. Stimulants Stimulants can be used to treat ADHD and Narcolepsy. They are also popular among recreational drug users as stimulants and performance-enhancing substances because of their ability to increase energy, alertness and focus. You can find them in the form of capsules, tablets or chunky crystals. They are also available in brown or white dust. The use of large doses can result in excessive stimulation, resulting in anxiety, panic, stomach cramps, paranoia and aggression. Long-term stimulant use can lead to addiction, serious adverse effects, such as heart issues, high pressure and stroke. These medicines have also been shown to relieve anxiety symptoms. They work by increasing brain chemicals like norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. These are lower in ADHD patients. This improves communication and activity between brain regions that control executive and attention. This leads to improved impulse control and anxiety symptoms diminishing. Research has shown that both atomoxetine as well as methylphenidate reduce anxiety symptoms in adults suffering from ADHD and comorbid anxiety disorders. The improvement in anxiety symptoms was evident in the first week of treatment for both medications, and the benefit was sustained through 8 weeks of treatment. It is important to note that the type of medication most effective for treating anxiety and ADHD co-occurring disorders could depend on which disorder has a larger impact on a person's quality of life. For instance, a person might experience a lot of anxiety-inducing episodes on a regular basis when they have to schedule appointments or to keep on top of projects for school or work. These can be distressing and cause anxiety more often than symptoms of panic attacks or phobia. In these cases, it might be best to address the anxiety-related symptoms using antidepressants or SSRIs, which have been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety levels in adults. These are taken orally, and can take a long time to begin working. The most commonly used options are selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs), such as Sertraline Serotonin, Fluoxetine, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) which include venlafaxine, and duloxetine. These drugs can be used in conjunction with cognitive-behavioral treatment for anxiety. They are especially beneficial if a patient has an elevated or racing heart rate. SSRIs Antidepressants, like SSRIs (antidepressant medications), are often used to treat anxiety disorders. Prozac is the first drug of this class, is fluoxetine. The SSRIs can also aid in treating depression, obsessive compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. These medications are more versatile than earlier generations of antidepressants, and they have fewer and less dangerous adverse effects. The SSRIs inhibit the reuptake serotonin in synapses. This causes the neurotransmitter in the synapse and signal the post synaptic cell more frequently than would be the case in other circumstances. This can increase the output of norepinephrine, which can reduce anxiety. This may also increase levels of neuronal cyclicAMP (cAMP) which can stimulate the synthesis of proteins. SSRIs can also reduce the impulsivity and hyperactivity. They can also improve sleep quality and decrease the agitation of some people with ADHD. However, these drugs can increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in some individuals. They also can increase appetite and weight gain when first starting. SNRIs are a different kind of antidepressant than SSRIs. SNRIs block the reuptake of serotonin as well as norepinephrine. They can also affect anxiety. They can improve the function of the blood vessels and the heart muscle. This can reduce feelings of anxiety and stress. Some adults who suffer from bipolar disorder may benefit from their use. Duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor XR, Pristiq) and desvenlafaxine are the most common SNRIs. SNRIs may cause blood pressure to increase in certain individuals, so people with high blood pressure or heart disease should not take these medications. In addition to medication, there are a number of behavioral treatments that could help with anxiety and ADHD. Meditation and mindfulness techniques can help reduce anxiety and stress. Some people find tapping certain body points, or Emotional Freedom techniques helps reduce cortisol which is the hormone responsible for anxiety. Exercise and diet can also reduce anxiety. Your doctor may recommend that you eat whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and avoid sugar as it can increase anxiety for certain ADHD children and adults. Non-stimulant-based drugs Although stimulants are extremely effective at treating ADHD and have been studied extensively but they are not always the best option for those who suffer from anxiety and ADHD. These medications can cause adverse effects like jitteriness and rapid heart rate. These symptoms can mimic or worsen symptoms of anxiety. Non-stimulant medications are a more recent option that has been used to treat ADHD since 2002 (under the brand name Strattera). They do not cause an increase in blood pressure or heart rate and are less likely to cause anxiety-related side effects such as shaking, sweating or nervousness. Atomoxetine is a drug that targets receptors for norepinephrine, a brain chemical that improves concentration and decrease hyperactivity and impulsivity. It has also been found to alleviate anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD. Researchers collected clinical articles from PubMed EMBASE PsycINFO and PsycINFO to determine if atomoxetine reduced anxiety symptoms among children and adolescents with ADHD. Bupropion is another drug that can ease anxiety symptoms. It targets the brain chemical dopamine. Bupropion is usually recommended for people with co-existing depression and ADHD. It can also boost mood and lessen anxiety symptoms. It is often an excellent idea to identify and treat the underlying causes of anxiety prior to treating the ADHD, as that will usually reduce anxiety symptoms. It is common for children with ADHD to suffer from anxiety, and in a few instances, anxiety may be caused by their ADHD symptoms. Cognitive-behavioral treatment and psychostimulants are usually the most effective treatment options for anxiety in this type of situation. This is because these treatments will tackle the root of the problem and help reduce ADHD symptoms and, in turn, reduce the anxiety. Antidepressants are also frequently prescribed to those suffering from co-existing ADHD and anxiety. SSRI antidepressants that target Serotonin, the chemical in the brain that is thought to help relieve anxiety symptoms and improve mood. Examples include Zoloft Lexapro, and Sertraline. add medication adult of which medication is best for you will be decided by your doctor. Before recommending a medication, they will take into consideration your symptoms, lifestyle and age, in addition to other health issues. It is very important to discuss your treatment goals with your doctor and stick to a regular schedule when taking any medication. Other options Depending on your unique health goals, there are a variety of treatment options that may also be helpful for managing ADHD and anxiety. These include mindfulness meditation, tapping (Emotional Freedom Techniques) sleep nutrition, exercise, and healthy eating habits. People who are anxious are more likely to suffer from symptoms of ADHD, Dr. Hallowell says, which can make it difficult to treat both conditions at once. He typically prescribes stimulants first to treat ADHD before turning to non-stimulant drugs like bupropion, atomoxetine, or guanfacine for anxiety disorders. These medications are available 24/7 and are not controlled substances as stimulants are.